Bahasa Sebagai Alat Kuasa dalam Lagu Wajib Nasional: Studi Analisis Wacana Kritis

Abstract

This study is based on the assumption that Indonesian national songs function not only as a medium of entertainment or moral education but also as a discursive instrument that shapes national consciousness. The purpose of this study is to identify the linguistic and discursive strategies employed in three Indonesian national songs Mars Pancasila, Ibu Pertiwi, and Pahlawan Tanpa Tanda Jasa and to explain how these songs collectively construct a hierarchical discourse of ideal citizenship. The data consist of song lyrics obtained from official documents of the Ministry of Education and Culture and the National Archives of Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using Critical Discourse Analysis based on Van Dijk’s model, which examines three analytical dimensions: micro (linguistic structures), meso (social and institutional contexts), and macro (ideology and power relations). The findings reveal that Mars Pancasila promotes ideological obedience through militaristic diction and imperative repetition. Ibu Pertiwi constructs emotional nationalism through maternal personification that evokes collective responsibility toward the homeland. Meanwhile, Pahlawan Tanpa Tanda Jasa emphasizes the moral devotion of teachers through spiritual metaphors that highlight values of sacrifice. These findings indicate that national songs function as symbolic instruments that reinforce national discourse within educational contexts through specific linguistic and musical constructions.